Green agriculture aims to increase agricultural productivity while protecting the environment and the health of the land. Beneficial microorganisms are critical for sustainable agricultural production, as they enhance nutrient availability, stimulate plant growth, promote root formation and help plants to tolerate environmental stresses. Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, phosphate-solubilising bacteria, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, cyanobacteria, and Trichoderma are all microorganisms that are involved in the functions of nutrient cycling, biological nitrogen fixation, soil fertility, and the natural suppression of disease. Using chemical fertilisers and pesticides as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers, it is possible to decrease the extent of dependency on these compounds. Using beneficial microorganisms along with crop rotation, balanced fertilisation, organic manures and other sustainable farming practices can increase the quality of soil and vigorous crop growth. Therefore, beneficial microorganisms are important biological resources for developing profitable, climate-resilient, and ecologically sustainable agricultural systems.
Green agriculture, Beneficial microorganisms, Biofertilizers, PGPR; Rhizobium, Mycorrhiza, Trichoderma, Soil health, Sustainable agriculture, Crop production
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